Composer of the month: Anthony Adams

Steve Crowther: Can you tell us something of your background? 

AA: I was born in London in 1947. As a child I learnt to play the piano but, apart from passing GCE music at the age of 14, my musical upbringing was unexceptional; my knowledge of classical music was restricted solely to piano works I learnt and music I studied for GCE. I was attracted to the “theory of music”, how it works. I did attempt to write pieces while in my teens but more in a popular style rather than classical. 

At A-Level I studied sciences and followed that with a degree in Biochemistry at Liverpool University.

While at university I started to become seriously interested in classical music, my first discoveries being Bartok’s 3^rdand 4^thstring quartets, Schoenberg’s Verklarte Nacht and Mozart’s Symphonies 39, 40 and 41, all of which I still listen to. Biochemistry began to pall and after university I spent 5 years driving buses in Liverpool while I took up the piano again, studied A-Level music at night school, discovered a huge amount of music (mostly 20^thcentury), got married and started to teach myself to compose. In 1973 I gained a place at UCNW, Bangor where I studied composition with William Mathias and Jeffrey Lewis.

Highlights of the 1980s were performances of a string quartet with soprano in the Wigmore Hall (Allegri Quartet with Mary King), a saxophone quartet in the Almeida theatre (Delta Saxophone Quartet) and an ensemble piece, Arabesque, at the 1989 Bath Festival (Lontano conducted by Odaline de la Martinez).

After Bangor, I moved to York where, in 1981, I co-founded Soundpool, the precursor of the Late Music concerts and worked as a private music teacher. For the last 25 years I have been based in Saltburn-by-the-Sea and have run a music teaching business supplying music teachers to schools throughout the North East. For many years composing took a back seat to other interests and the demands of family life; in 2011 I started creating electronic works and to date have completed about 45.

SC: Can you describeyour new work to us?

AA: In March 1980 I completed a commission for The Radcliffe Music Award, a work for string quartet and soprano, The Closing of Autumn, settings of some of the haiku interspersed throughout the Japanese poet Basho’s The Narrow Road to the Deep North. This work was given performances by the Allegri Quartet with Mary King at Hull University and subsequently in the Wigmore Hall. A number of years later in the late 80s or early 90s (I can’t remember which) it was performed again in York by the Bingham Quartet at one of Soundpool’s concerts.

When I was asked to write a violin piece for Steve Bingham all this immediately came to mind. After some thought, I took as the starting point for my piece all the melodic and harmonic material of the setting of the first haiku from The Closing of Autumn. The translation of this haiku (by Nobuyuki Yuasa) is:

                                    The passing spring,

                                    Birds mourn,

                                    Fishes weep

                                    With tearful eyes.

The piece is not, however, haiku-like in any way; it is, rather, quite dramatic in part. 

SC: Do you write at the piano, do you pre-plan? Can you describe the compositional process?

AA: I used to use the piano but I don’t now. I usually pre-plan somewhat: durations on both a large and small scale, not notes or harmonies, sometimes rhythms. I do pre-plan layers, even in a solo piece. But every piece is different, it depends on my starting point.

SC: Is it important to know the performers? Do you write with a sound in mind?

AA: Not at all.

SC: How would you describe your individual ‘sound world’?

AA: I don’t consider that I have an individual sound world. Each piece takes on its own characteristics.

SC: What motivates you to compose? 

AA: The desire to create, to bring the sounds of my internal aural landscape to life.

SC: Which living composers do you identify with or simply admire?

AA: I don’t identify with anyone. I value much of the work of Michel van der Aa, Philip Glass, Steve Reich.

SC: If you could have a beer and a chat with any composer from the past, who would it be and why?

AA: That would probably have to be Stockhausen. I have lots of questions.

SC: Now for some desert island discery – please name eight pieces of music you could not be without, and then select just one.

AA: This is very difficult, eight is too few, and in any case, the list would change from year to year. There are huge omissions here: mediaeval and renaissance music, not to mention Bach and Mozart. I consider these works to be representative of the composers (artists) selected. If I only had one, today it would be Tehillim, but tomorrow. . .

Doktor Faust - Busoni

Tehillim – Steve Reich

Mantra – Stockhausen 

Turangalila – Messiaen

String Quartet No 15 in A Minor – Beethoven

Blackstar – David Bowie

Bitches Brew – Miles Davis

Stories from the City, Stories from the Sea – P J Harvey

SC:…and a book?:

AA: A Voyage to Arcturus – David Lindsay

SC:…a film?

AA: Again, very difficult. Probably a choice between Apocalypse Now (Coppola), 2001 A Space Odyssey (Kubrick), The Seventh Seal (Bergman), Solaris (Tarkovsky).

SC:… and a luxury item?

AA: A bottle of Ardbeg whisky, unless I can have a crate of mixed Islay whiskies. . .

Composer of the month: Angela Slater

Steve Crowther: Can you tell us something of your background? 

AS:I grew up in a large village called Cotgrave in Nottinghamshire. Thinking back to my childhood I can’t really remember a time when I didn’t know about music. Even before I was at an age where I could have piano lessons I was always drawn to play on the piano and mess around, and probably disturb my brother’s practise. Later I would write little pastiche type pieces, which then transformed into pop-songs in my teenage years and then melded back to classical music, though now of a very different kind of course. Throughout my childhood, I was always distracted with the sounds of music and would more often than not end up not practising because I was found a ‘strange’ chord by accident.

SC: Can you describeyour new work to us?

AS:  My new piece for piano trio Shades of Rainexplores the imagery and textures of different types of rain. The piece functions as though it is two movements happening within the same piece: Cloudburst and Petrichor. Cloudburst refers to an extreme amount of precipitation in a short period of time often accompanied by hail and thunderstorms. The piece reflects this with dramatic driving rhythms and strident dramatic chords from the piano. These spells of extreme dramatic rain and musical descents are interrupted by music representing Petrichor. Petrichor is the pleasant aroma that occurs after rain has fallen for the first time after a dry period. These parts of the music are explored through expansive and reflective lyrical lines, providing relief from the dramatic movements and figures found in the Cloudburst sections.

SC: Do you write at the piano, do you pre-plan? Can you describe the compositional process?

AS:  It is really a combination of the two and very dependent on the piece. When I compose I find it extremely helpful to have a clear concept for the piece before I begin. I often find the title for the piece before I start as this can give me a lot of stimulus from which I can develop musical ideas and a framework. First I usually sit down with a blank piece of paper to plan the structure of the piece. This can take the form of written words and timings, but more often than not there are shapes and sketches and notes to myself about instruments or timbre. As much as possible I like to feel a connection to the instruments for which I am writing and will try to compose ideas on the instrument as much as I can, even if I can hardly play the instrument at all. This allows me to feel how the fingers sit and how the sound really resonates.

For Shades of Rain I planned the harmonic structure and much of the piano material at the piano, but I found a lot of the violin and cello material actually at these instruments. Though I don’t play these instruments (or certainly not very well!) it does help me to write idiomatic material if I initially create the initial ideas on the instruments themselves.

SC: Is it important to know the performers? Do you write with a sound in mind?

AS: It’s certainly extremely useful to know the performers when writing. I certainly believe it can change the way you approach a piece when you know their style of playing and their personality as this of course alters the music you write as you compose with this in your mind’s ear.

This piece was originally written for Anna Arazi’s Prism piano trio and so I did a lot of research into her playing earlier in the year. For this upcoming concert I am very excited to hearing how the Ethel Smyth Trio’s interpretation of the piece will differ. I feel the soundworld of this piece comes from a desire to express the different types of rain and to really create a piece that contrasted with my other piano trio Rainbow Fires.

SC: How would you describe your individual ‘sound world’?

AS: I feel that my soundworld shifts and evolves from piece to piece. I tend to think about my music in terms of gestures and textures. These determine the soundworld of a piece. Generally, I strive to be highly expressionistic and sometimes lyrical in my lines.

SC: What motivates you to compose? 

AS: Composing is something I have always felt a need to do – it’s a compulsion, something beautiful and an addiction too.  It is my internal desire to communicate and express something of myself and my impression of the world.

SC: Which living composers do you identify with or simply admire?

AS: Helen Grime, Judith Weir, Charlotte Bray, Jennifer Higdon, Thea Musgrave

SC: If you could have a beer and a chat with any composer from the past, who would it be and why?

AS: Ethel Smyth – I would love to talk to her about her compositions and what it was like to be a suffragette.

SC: Now for some desert island discery – please name eight pieces of music you could not be without, and then select just one.

AS: Elizabeth Maconchy String Quartet No.3

Helen Grime Into a Cold Spring

Stravinsky The Firebird

Thomas Adés – Concentric Paths – violin concerto

Judith Weir – Piano Trio Two

Elliot Carter – Triple duo

Amy Beach – Romance for violin and piano

Messiaen – Quartet for the end of time for string quartet

SC:…and a book?

AS: Women & Power: A Manifesto

SC:…a film?

AS: I’m going to pick a TV series instead– Stranger Things

SC:… and a luxury item?

AS: My own piano to compose on

Preparing The Plateaux of Mirror for live performance

Our second Aspects of Eno concert is centered around the first live performances of six Pieces from the 1978 album Eno did with Harold Budd entitled The Plateaux of Mirror. David Power did the transcriptions of the six pieces, Kate Ledger will be performing then and Lynette Quek is doing the live electronics. The six tracks to be performed are listed below and, for this blog, we have asked each of the three participants to outline their experiences of this project. The six tracks that will be performed are as follows: 

Not Yet Remembered

The Chill Air

Steal Away

Above Chiangmai

The Plateaux of Mirror

Remembered

David Power

A brief bit of background. As seasoned attenders of Late Music will know, my starting point on the path to new music were the extended electronic instrumentals of David Bowie’s 1977 albums Low and ‘Heroes’. Years later it struck me that if this music could be a gateway to new music for me, it could for others too. I did arrangements of three of these for the Delta Saxophone Quartet and these became the start of the path to their CD Bowie Berlin and Beyond which has done very well and been played and broadcast in various parts of the world. The CD was launched in the 2018 Late Music season and resulted in Late Music’s best ever attended concert. The gateway idea seemed to be working. As Eno had played a central role in the creation of Bowie’s Berlin instrumentals, the next logical step in the gateway idea was to do concerts centered on Eno himself. Consequently, Late Music asked me to curate two Aspects of Eno concerts for the 2019 season. 

The second of these concerts is centered on live performances from six pieces from The Plateaux of Mirror, an album he recorded with Harold Budd and released in 1978. Eno, by 1978 had stopped gigging and, as far as I have been able to establish, very little of his post Roxy Music work has been performed live. Certainly, as far as I have been able to establish, none of the tracks on this album have ever been performed live except parts of the title track which Budd performed some years later

The reasons why I picked The Plateaux of Mirror were partly practical – as an album comprising piano music treated electronically, there was a good chance that a live, performable version could be created and Lynette Quek was kind enough to listen to the whole album and confirm that this was so. But my love of this album was also a reason for picking it. 

When it came to the arrangements, my first instinct was to have extracts of Not Yet Remembered as the first and last track. It is more solid and bassy than the others and that seemed to make it right for the role of framing the others. Then its title suggested another idea. What if I wrote some new music of my own for the last track and had bits of Not Yet Remembered emerge and take over the track. So that is what I did. Remembered is partly new music by me and partly extracts from Not Yet Remembered. The other four pieces were picked simply because they were amongst my favourites and seemed to add up to an attractive and varied set. 

Kate Ledger

Listening to the transcribed score for The Plateaux of Mirror along with the original recording revealed to me how difficult it is to notate exactly. I was drawn to the small imperfections in Budd’s touch and the bareness of the chords and phrases. I will attempt to replicate this through a blending of the melodic line within a heavily pedaled backdrop and a harsher attack to remove any softness I may be carrying over from the classical tradition. I felt it was important to recognize Budd and Eno’s pop background and the unencumbered piano touch that I hear in The Plateaux of Mirror.

David Power’s score follows the original closely but leaves much needed space for Lynette Quek and myself during performance. There is a dialogue between the piano and electronic parts with much of the timing being free and felt in the moment. Although the majority of our interpretation is based on details we’ve drawn from the recording, we decided as a duo that the music’s overall style is down to there being a sense of freedom. Following the recording closely to the nth degree would remove this sense of freedom. Therefore we felt it imperative to keep some choices to be made in the moment of performance, allowing for live reactions to the acoustic and each other.

Lynette Quek

Re-creating the electronics part for Eno’s pieces has been a fun and intricate process. Listening to the tracks with a more inquisitive approach was much needed to translate the studio-composed electronics into a live performance context. In the concert performance the electronics work in a way where they are responding to the live performance by Kate Ledger, as well as to prompt an activity by Kate. This in turn allows the electronics to be part of the performative performance, which Eno highly sought after in his productions.

Composer of the month: Michael Parkin

Steve Crowther: Can you tell us something of your background? 

Michael Parkin: I studied at Huddersfield School of Music and then at UCNW Bangor with William Mathias and Jeffrey Lewis. Over the years I’ve also been involved with music education projects for young composers and musicians - something I feel passionately about! After moving to Wales almost thirty years ago I’ve worked with organizations such as the Wales Millennium Centre, Royal Welsh College and Ty Cerdd to promote and foster the work of young composers. 

I’ve written for the BBC National Orchestra of Wales and most of the ensembles, artists and musicians in Wales. Welsh festivals, from the all contemporary Vale of Glamorgan Festival to the more traditional Aberystwyth International Festival are, in the main, supportive of new music, and over the years they have commissioned and fostered my music. 

SC: Can you describe your new work to us?

MP: It’s calledFive Haiku from the Narrow Road to the Deep North. I’ve selected 5 representative haikufrom Matsuo Bashō’s travelogue about his two-year journey to the wild regions of northern Japan which began in 1689. I love this book and have lived with it for thirty years – I know many of its haikuby heart – but have never set any of them before. 

 I decided to set them in Japanese. The Romanized Japanese is very simple and clear for singers, and most importantly, accurate. Whereas, every time I come upon an English translation of a Bashō haikuit’s different! It’s almost impossible to translate a haiku. The meaning and power of the poetry lies in the spaces between the words and each line of the poem. I know this sounds mysterious, but it’s the only way to describe what’s going on in this form of communication. Traditionally, they are recited veryslowly, with each vowel drawn out for effect and long pauses between each line of verse.

The problem I had when writing the piece was to find a musical way to reflect the extreme brevity of the poems. I restricted myself to just two pages of music for each setting, and found it extremely difficult to write something that is complete and satisfying in no more than 30 bars. Hey ho – the audience will judge whether I got this right! 

SC:Do you write at the piano, do you pre-plan? Can you describe the compositional process?

MP: About 8 years ago I decided to abandon all forms of pre-composition. I was doing so much pre-composition that when it came to the composition/notation act itself, I was finding it mechanical, sterile and utterly unrewarding. I took what was for me a radical step. Now I start with a blank page (or in my case, a blank screen on Sibelius). I now find the compositional process exhilarating and creative, if a little scary!

SC:Is it important to know the performers? Do you write with a sound in mind?

MP: Absolutely! Especially if you’re writing for singers. Each voice is unique and distinct. Without that sound in your head, that first blank page would be really scary, if not impossible.

SC:How would you describe your individual ‘sound world’?

MP: I’m not sure I could claim to have an individual ‘sound world.’ I write lines. That’s what comes first, so I suppose you would say that my music is essentially melodic. But melodies in my music always spark counter melodies. Often these countermelodies are ‘opposed’ to the first melody, rather than ‘complementary’ or ‘supportive.’ I like opposites, so a slow moving melody may be set against a fast moving countermelody, or a flowing consonant melody may be pitted against an angular dissonant countermelody. What I’m after is tension, drama and narrative.

Strangely enough, I love to listen to static, calm, non-narrative music. But I just can’t write the stuff!

SC:What motivates you to compose? 

MP: Neurosis, psychosis, angst, anger, depression, and a bad habit I just don’t seem to be able to give up. I’m trying to rise above it! 

SC:Which living composers do you identify with or simply admire?

MP: The scene I know best is contemporary music in Wales. In May of this year I was invited to be the chair of Composers of Wales and I’ve always found the scene in Wales very collaborative and supportive, even if there is no great appetite for new music. I count many of the composers working in Wales as close friends. There is much to admire, especially amongst the younger generation, many of whom studied at the Welsh College and decided to make Wales their home. I’m thinking particularly about composers such as Lynne Plowman, Maja Palser and Sarah Lianne Lewis.

The composer I most admire is the New York-based Fay (Kueen) Wang. She’s young enough to be my granddaughter, but I just love her music. It’s so eclectic! Somehow she’s managed to integrate rock/electronic/Chinese folk music/theatre with avant garde western music. It’s completely mad, yet at the same time rivetingly memorable and exhilarating. 

SC:If you could have a beer and a chat with any composer from the past, who would it be and why?

MP: Webern. But it must be on the evening of September 15th., 1945. If I could get him pissed enough, he might not want to go outside and smoke that last fatal cigar. There are two upsides to this. Webern was getting better and better, and poor old Ray Bell might not have died from guilt and alcoholism. 

SC:Now for some desert island discery – please name eight pieces of music you could not be without, and then select just one.

MP:

Two selections from the many recordings of the El Camino/Cantigas de Santiago

Josquin (3 pieces) La déploration de la mort de Johannes Ockeghem; all the frottola; Missa Gaudeamus

Mozart – The Magic Flute

Brahms – 6 pieces Op. 118

Michael Tippett – piano concerto (because I have to have some English music!)

The piece I couldn’t live without is Josquin’s La déploration de la mort de Johannes Ockeghem

SC:…and a book?:

MP: I’m cheating here because my selection is technically a trilogy. But really it’s just one long book about the fictitious Colorado town of Holt.

Kent Haruf – Plainsong/Eventide/Benediction

If you could throw in Haruf’s Our Souls at Night(it’s only short – say 30,000 words) I would be even happier.

SC:…a film?

MP:Company of Wolvesdirected by Neil Jordan. It’s based on Angela Carter’s ‘fairy stories’ (NOT!) and she wrote the screenplay.

SC:… and a luxury item?

MP: I’m torn between a pair of binoculars (I’m a keen birder) and a humongous box of Jaffa Cakes. Oh God! What a choice… it will have to be the Jaffa Cakes.

Aspects of Eno part 1 - Obscure Records

Aspects of Eno

As regular attenders of the Late Music concerts will recall, 2018 saw Late Music invite the Delta Saxophone Quartet to deliver a concert to launch their CD ‘Bowie Berlin and Beyond’. To cut a long story short, this CD came about as follows. As a teenager in the 1970’s, I was a big fan of David Bowie. When he released his ‘Berlin’ albums in 1977, I was struck by the extended electronic instrumentals on these albums as these were quite unlike anything I had heard before. Bowie had worked with Eno to create these instrumentals so I became interested in Eno’s own work. This, in turn, led to minimalism, the English Experimental School and the German Krautrock scene. A name that kept coming up was Stockhausen. In due course, I encountered his music and that of his colleagues. I left my job and went to study composition in my mid 20’s

Many years later – 2011 to be precise – I realised that if Bowie, Eno etc could be a gateway to new music for me, they could for be for others too. I did arrangements of three of the Bowie Berlin instrumentals for the Deltas who premiered them at my Grimsby St Hughs Festival that year. This led, in due course to the above mentioned Delta Bowie CD. It is their most successful CD to date and their launch concert at Late Music is Late Music’s most successful concert to date. The gateway idea is working.

All that being so, the next logical step was to look at Eno himself and that is what Late Music invited me to do for 2019. The multifaceted nature of Eno’s achievements meant that I felt we needed to devote two concerts to his work.  Late Music agreed.

One fascinating aspect of Eno’s work is that, in the 1970’s, he persuaded his record company to let him set up a largely classical music record company of his own called Obscure Records. Ten albums were released featuring composers such as Gavin Bryars, John Adams, Christopher Hobbs, John Cage, Michael Nyman and others.  These composers are largely – though not entirely – connected to the English Experimental School. I felt that Late Music needed to draw attention to this achievement and both concerts heavily feature composers from the ten albums and other comparable ones, notably Satie who is a kind of godfather to the English Experimental School. 

The other aspect is performance of Eno’s own music. Eno gigged and toured in his Roxy Music days in the early 1970’s but came to dislike performing live. By the late 1970’s he had finished with live work – even David Bowie couldn’t persuade him to play on any part of his 1978 world tour which was centred on the Berlin albums they’d done together. This has the perhaps surprising result that much of his best known and most respected work has never been performed live. 

One example is the album he did with Harold Budd in 1978 entitled The Plateaux of Mirror, no part of which, as far as I can ascertain, has ever been performed live. For 2019, I am doing piano transcriptions of six pieces from this album, Lynette Quek will do the real time electronics sound transformations and Kate Ledger will play the piano parts. Rather than just producing a score, the three of us will ‘workshop’ this using my transcriptions as a starting point. Using digital technology to replicate in concert sounds that were created for an LP in an analogue studio over 40 years ago is certainly an interesting challenge, and we look forward to bringing you the results. 

David Power